What condition is indicated by the combination of a positive ammeter deflection and a voltage light being on?

The combination of a positive ammeter deflection and the voltage light being illuminated indicates an overcharging condition. In a properly functioning electrical system, a positive reading on the ammeter typically shows that the alternator or generator is producing more power than what is being consumed by the electrical load. However, if the voltage light is illuminated at the same time, it suggests that the voltage regulator is not operating correctly, allowing the system voltage to rise excessively. This can lead to battery overheating and potential damage to both the battery and the aircraft's electrical components. Thus, observing these two indicators together is a clear sign of an overcharging situation that requires immediate attention.

In contrast, normal operation would be characterized by the voltage light being off and the ammeter reading close to zero or slightly positive, reflecting balanced power generation and consumption. Battery failure would generally present with a negative ammeter reading or both the voltage light being on and the ammeter showing a negative deflection. A fuel system error does not relate to electrical gauges like the ammeter or voltage light, as it pertains to the fuel delivery system in the aircraft.